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Buduća legenda
- Poruka
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Па , кад се снебивају, ајд ја да поткрепим, баш из разлога што је ово подфорум "Историја", а ове ствари се мало познају зато што су биле "опране" у време док је Румунија била чланица Варшавског блока:
Хронологија румунског фашизма :
1910 *the National Democratic Party is created under the direction of Nicolae Iorga and A.C. Cuza, who is violently anti-Semitic.
1919 *The Guard of the National Conscience, a White Guardist type organization, is created in Iasi. Among its founders are C.Z. Codreanu, who, along with C. Pancu, leader of the G.N.C., seeks a way to “national socialism.”
1920 *Split in the National Democratic Party, directed by Nicolae Iorga. The dissidents, under the leadership of A.C. Cuza, form a new political organization entitled the National Democratic Christian Party.
1921 *Creation of the National Italo-Rumanian Fascist Movement (NIRFM), led by Elena Bacaloglu, who gives it a frankly pro-Mussolini orientation.
*Creation of the National Rumanian Fascia (NRF), directed by Titus Vifor, a rather influential organization in Moldavia, Bukovina, and Banat.
1922 *A.C. Cuza and N.C. Paulescu create the National-Christian Union, a violently anti-Semitic organization, having for its emblem the swastika. The NCU establishes ties with “Consul,” the Munich terrorist organization.
1923 *NIRFM and NRF fuse, giving birth to the National Fascist Movement, which imitates Italian Fascism and “Accion Francaise.” The fusion brings about a split within the NRF.
*Formation of the League of National-Christian Defense (LANC), under the direction of A.C. Couza. The same year the PNDC joins the LANC.
*C.Z. Codreanu and a group of LANC members prepare anti-Semitic attacks, which are discovered by the authorities.
1924 *The Prefect of Police in Iasi, Constantin Manciu, a liberal, is assassinated by C.Z. Codreanu. The murderer is acquitted.
1927 *Dissidents from the LANC found the “Legion of the Archangel Michael,” which after 1930 will be called the “Iron Guard,” and after 1935 “Totul petru tara” (All for the country).
*Divided, the LANC wins 52,800 votes in the elections.
1928 *32,154 votes for the LANC.
1931 *In the elections the LANC gets 113,863 votes (3.89%) and eight seats in Parliament.
*The same elections give the Iron Guard 34,183 votes.
1932 *The LANC gets 150, 071 votes (5.4%) and eleven seats in Parliament.
1933 *Creation of the National Anti-Fascist Committee.
*Dissolution of the Iron Guard, which had 45 departmental organizations, 18 newspapers, with a circulation of 35,000, and enjoyed the support of some young intellectuals.
1935 *Setting up of the Pro-Fascist Organization, “The Romanian Front,” which, under the direction of A. Vaida Voievod, broke away from the National Peasant Party.
*Creation of the fascist organization, the National Christian Party (NCP), through the fusion of the LANC, led by A.C. Cuza, and the National Agrarian Party, led by Octavian Goga.
1937 *A pact of electoral non-aggression is made between the leaders of the National Peasant Party and the Iron Guard. Also adhering to it will be the liberal group directed by Georges Bratianu and the Agrarian Union led by Constantin Argetoianu. While denouncing the electoral non-aggression pact, the Romanian Communist Party supports, on the local level, the National-Peasants.
*In the elections the Iron Guard wins 478,378 votes, 15.58% of the total.
1938 *C.Z. Codreanu and other legionary leaders are arrested and sentenced to various prison terms.
*Hitler asks Carol II to align Romania’s politics with that of the Third Reich, and to bring the Iron Guard to power. Back in Romania, Carol II turns on the Legion. C.Z. Codreanu and 12 other legionary leaders are executed.
1939 *Prime Minister Armand Calinescu is assassinated by the legionaries. Authorities re-institute the oppression of the repression of the Legion.
1940 *The members of the Iron Guard detained in the camps are liberated.
*Formation of the Gigurtu government, with Mihail Manoilescu as Minister of the Interior and Horia Sima, head of the Iron Guard, as a government member. The Gigurtu government strengthens anti-Semitic legislation.
*Pogrom in Dorohoi, as well as other murders of Jews. The number of victims rises to at least 136.
*Ion Antonescu is named President of the Council of Ministers. The Constitution of February 1938 is suspended, and Carol II is forced to abdicate.
*Romania is proclaimed a “national legionary state,” and Ion Antonescu entitled “Conducator” (leader). Horia Sima, Leader of the legionary movement, becomes vice-president of the Council of Ministers.
*Anti-Semitic racial legislation becomes even harsher.
*The legionaries assassinate, in the prison of Jilava, more than 60 former dignitaries or officials awaiting trial for anti-legionary activity under the reign of Carol II.
*New wave of anti-Semitic persecutions, culminating in brutalities, torture, and the death of 11 persons.
*The legionaries assassinate the historian Nicolae Iorga, former prime minister, and the economist Virgil Madgearu, former National-Peasant minister.
1941 *Military rebellion organized by the Legion, foiled by General Antonescu. In the course of the rebellion the pogrom in Bucharest claims 120 victims.
*War breaks out against the Soviet Union. Massacre of Jews in Iasi claims 10,000-12,000 victims. The Jewish population is slaughtered by Romanian and German troops from Bessarabia and Bukovina. First internment, in camps and ghettos, of the Jewish population of the departments of Dorohoi, as well as Bessarabia and Bukovina.
*Beginning of the deportations, to Transnistria, of Jews from Bessarabia and Bukovina, where the majority will be murdered.
1942 *Massacres of Jews by German and Romanian troops are carried out in Transnistria. Practically all the Jews in Bessarabia and almost all from Bukovina are deported.
*Signing of an accord--which was never implemented--to deport Romanian Jews to Nazi death camps.
This chronology is borrowed from:
Ioanid, Radu. The Sword of the Archangel. New York: Columbia University Press, 1990.
