Чији је Кипар?

Modern Greek identity and modern Turkish identity in Cyprus developed and was created in the same way and manner it developed in mainland Greece or other countries. Nations are socially constructed communities imagined by the people who perceive themselves as part of those groups. In Benedict Anderson's book, Imagined Communities, the concept is explained in depth.

Who does Cyprus belong to? Where is it located? Here are some specific literary historical testimonies and sources which certify us of the multi-ethnic, multi-cultural, and multi-lingual character of Cyprus.

0) The Jews lived well in Cyprus during the Roman rule. During this period, Christianity was preached in Cyprus among the Jews at an early date, St Paul being the first, and Barnabas, a native of Cyprus, the second. They attempted to convert the Jews to Christianity under the ideas of Jesus. Under the leadership of Artemion, the Cypriot Jews participated in the great rebellion against the Romans ruled by Trajan in 117 AD. and they are reported by Dio Cassius to have massacred 240,000 Greeks.

http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/4825-cyprus
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Cyprus

1) In 578 AD, 10000 Armenians moved to Cyprus for colonization purposes, given that the island was almost deserted at this time. ("History of the Greek nation," ed "Publishing Athens", Vol. H, pp. 183-4).

"Thus", says Evagrius, "land, which had been previously untilled, was everywhere restored to cultivation. Numerous armies also were raised from among them that fought resolutely and courageously against the other nations. At the same time every household was completely furnished with domestics, on account of the easy rate at which slaves were procured". (Quote from P. Charanis)

2) A History of Cyprus, Volume 1 By George Hill. Page 261: "...certainly there was a coast-guard of Albanians in Cyprus under Venetian rule.." --> In the footnote of the same page, we read the following: "The Albanians formed a race apart, until they disappeared in the sixteenth century".

3) The Quarterly Review By John Murray.

https://books.google.ca/books?id=ue...us&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false

Page 429:

"...in the plains and the cities the present people of Cyprus are a race so mixed of Italian, Tatar, Syrian, and even Negro elements, as to have become a caput mortuum, whence no facts of ethnological value can be extracted." We also read on the same page: "In the Carpasian promontory of the north-east dwells a race fairer and stronger than the mass of the Cyprians, a race supposed to be of Teutonic blood."




4) More Armenians arrived during the reign of Armenian-descended Emperor Heraclius (610-641). Source: The Armenians of Cyprus book, page 10.

https://books.google.ca/books?id=6j...6AEIJjAB#v=onepage&q=Armenians Cyprus&f=false

Page 11 of the same book: "Emperor John II Comnenus moved the entire population of the Armenian city of Tell Hamdun to Cyprus. When Isaac Comnenus was self-declared 'Emperor of Cyprus' in 1185 and married the daughter of the Armenian prince Thoros II, he brought with him Armenian nobles and warriors...".

Futhermore, on page 12 of this book we read: "...about 30000 Armenian refugees found shelter in Cyprus.." and "A new wave of Armenians arrived in 1335 and 1346 to escape the Mamluk attack." Additionally, on the same page 12: "In 1403, 30000 Armenians fled to Cyprus, while in 1421 the entire population of the Sehoun region was transferred here. In 1441 the authorities of Famagusta encouraged Armenians and Syrians from Cilicia and Syria to settle here."

Still on page 12: "Armenian was one of the eleven official languages of the Kingdom of Cyprus, and one of the five official languages during the Venetian Era."

Moving to page 13: "...about 40000 Ottoman Armenian craftsmen were recruited .. , and many of the ones who survived settled in Cyprus".

5) Turkish Cypriots were the majority of the population between 1777 and 1800. In terms of numbers, in 1777 there were only 37000 Greeks and 47000 Turks. In 1800, there were 30524 Greeks and 67000 Turks.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics_of_Cyprus




6) The Problem of Slavery in Western Culture, By David Brion Davis. PAGE 42:

https://books.google.ca/books?id=Iy...y#v=onepage&q=Cyprus Negroes Italians&f=false

"By 1300, indeed, there were Negro slaves on Cyprus, which had become virtually a prototype for the West Indian colonies."

7) The Parliamentary Debates - Google Books

The Parliamentary Debates (Authorized Edition), Volume 248
By Great Britain. Parliament

https://books.google.ca/books?id=xP...hDoAQg6MAY#v=onepage&q=slavery cyprus&f=false

http://hansard.millbanksystems.com/lords/1879/jul/28/question-observations

Quote:

THE EARL OF SHAFTESBURY

Now, the Question is of importance, not only as touching Slavery in general, but as to the alleged fact that it is existing in Cyprus under British rule. I know perfectly well that no Slave Trade openly exists, and that no such thing as a slave market is to be found in any part of the Turkish Empire. That system has long been abolished. But the sale and purchase of slaves are still carried on extensively by private agents and in private houses; and, indeed, constituted as Turkish society is, Slavery is as necessary and indispensable to the Empire—especially among the wealthier classes—as is the Sultan himself. Now, as Cyprus was for centuries under Turkish rule, the probability is that a similar system prevails, and that it is fed by large importations of slaves from East Africa and the Red Sea—for which latter traffic Turkey is specially responsible, as it is mainly conducted at Jeddah, a port in the Red Sea belonging to the Sultan of Turkey. From all quarters there are imported, as I am informed, some 70,000 slaves every year.

8) Were Cypriots a distinct ethnic group? Scholars have noted Skylitzes' reference to the Cypriots as the ethnos ton Kyprion.







9) Christians and Muslims in Ottoman Cyprus and the Mediterranean World, 1571-1640
By Ronald Jennings

https://books.google.ca/books?id=5U...ry&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false

 
Poslednja izmena:
Grčki po pravu.
Ne samo što su Grci starosedelačko stanovništvo, nego su i bili ubedljiva većina na obe polovine ostrva, do pre par decenija. Tzv. Severni Kipar je nastao tako što je Turska napala ostrvo i počinila genocid nad lokalnim stanovništvom. Bez tog genocida i potonje kolonizacije Turaka iz Anatolije - ne samo što ne bi bilo turske države na Kipru nego ne bi bilo ni demografskih uslova za njeno postojanje.
 
HamzaHumo:
Povuces liniju od Trsta do Odese na mapi, i sve ispod je Balkan, ogranicen vodom.
Kliknite za proširenje...

To je najgluplja mapa koju sam ikada video.
Ne mogu se geografske granice crtati proizvoljno poput granica afričkih država.
Balkan u geografskom smislu je brdsko-planinski region ograničen morima na jugu i Panonskom nizijom, odnosno rekama Savom i Dunavom na severu. Sporna je jedino granica kod Krke.
U političko-geografskom smislu Balkan može biti sinonim za zemlje Jugoistočne Evrope
U političkom smislu Balkan danas predstavljaju države kandidati za EU (tzv. Zapadni Balkan, pošto su ostale balkanske zemlje već u EU)
U kulturnom smislu Balkan ne postoji ali npr. Hrvati pokušavaju da definišu kulturni Balkan kao "pravoslavno-islamsku civilizaciju Evrope" i samim tim sebe pokušavaju izdvojiti iz tog kruga iako "islamsko-pravoslavna civilizacija" ne postoji, Srbija se npr. kulturno razlikuje više od Albanije nego od Hrvatske.
 
One of the great disasters regularly striking Cyprus from the mid-13th century onward through the end of the 17th was plague. George Hill paid careful attention to such occurences. In the period before the Ottoman conquest, he mentions plague in 1268, 1349, 1362-1363, 1392-1393, 1410, 1419, 1420, 1422, 1438, 1470, 1494, 1505, and 1533. Michael Dols lists several of those and an additional one in 1460. Although all estimates of mortality are conjectural, the Black Death which reached Cyprus in 1348 is considered the most severe.

Based on his study of sources, Hill says: "It was said to have carried off half to two thirds of the population. As we have already seen, the mortality caused by the plague was given in 1351 as a reason for stopping the preaching in Cyprus of the Crusade against the Turks."

Dols says, "The Black Death struck Cyprus in 1348 and was particularly devastating, according to Latin and Arabic sources."

In 1505, according to a letter from the Venetian governor (luogo tenente) of Cyprus, Piero Balbi, plague killed more than a quarter of the citizens of Girniye (Zerines).

According to the English traveler George Sandys (1615) Cyprus "is in the Sommer exceeding hot, and unhealthy; & annoyed with serpents." while the French consul at Aleppo (1623-1625), whose sphere of authority included Cyprus stated: "Cyprus is completely abandoned on account of the plague, which has made the island deserted."

One of the most severe plagues was in 1692, when some sources report that 2/3 of the population died.

https://books.google.ca/books?id=5U...nd the Mediterranean World, 1571-1640&f=false
 
Кипар би историјски требао бити Грчки или евентуално у саставу данашњег Либана, јер су Феничани дуго владали Кипром, а њихова постојбина је Либан. И данас има Либанаца, моронита-хришћана (паписта) старосиједелаца на Кипру. А Турци спадају у Туркистан, тамо им је мјесто, од Каспијског језера до Синкјанга.
 
1) A History of Cyprus, Volume 2, By George Hill.

Page 10:
- "Another class in a different category from those already described, were the 'White Venetians' - native Greeks or Syrians who enjoyed the rights of Venetian nationality."

Pages 10 and 11:
- "The Albanians, who are generally mentioned by the writers who describe the various classes of the population, were comparatively late comers..."
- "It is unlikely that the Albanians were introduced before the fifteenth century, when they were imported to stiffen the coastguard service..."

2) Sources for the History of Cyprus: Lusignan's chorography and brief ... Paul W. Wallace, ‎Andreas G. Orphanides, ‎State University of New York at Albany. Institute of Cypriot Studies - 1990 - ‎Snippet view

- "The Albanians are people who came from Albania in order to protect the island from the pirates, and they are paid. Many of them have children and grandchildren and they live in the villages. All those who are paid to perform such tasks are not allowed to keep fields to be cultivated because they are soldiers. But the ones who are not paid have their fruits from their fields like the Lefteri do, and they divide them into five parts, or even more, according to the laws of the different villages."

3) The Armenian Review - Page 404 1974 - ‎Snippet view

- "Martin Kruzius, (1526-1607), an author who was well familiar with Greek, states that the following 5 languages were spoken in Cyprus: Greek, Chaldean, Armenian, Albanian and Italian. Another writer, who lived in 1537-1590, Stephen Lusignan, says that the following 12 languages were spoken in Cyprus, during his day: Latin, Italian, Greek, Armenian, Coptic, Jacobine, Maronine, Assyrian, Indian, Georgian, Albanian and Arabian. (See "Description de toute l'isle de Cypre et des roys ..."

4) A Short History of Cyprus: With Special Reference to Those Events in ... Philip Newman - 1940 - ‎Snippet view

- "The Albanians were the descendants of soldiers who had been brought from Albania to Cyprus for the defence of the island. They had settled in Cyprus and intermarried with the Cypriots. Their descendants still called themselves Albanians, drew pay, and carried arms, though in reality they had become peasants rather than soldiers. They were no longer of any military value, and were, under the Lusignans, deprived of their pay and military status."

All URLs:
https://books.google.ca/books?id=Sn...Lusignan Description Cyprus Albanians&f=false
https://www.google.ca/search?tbm=bk...sy-ab..0.0.0....0.a9GGxni36CY&gws_rd=cr&dcr=0
https://www.google.ca/search?q=Lusi...0&sa=N&biw=1280&bih=893&dpr=1&gws_rd=cr&dcr=0
 
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