Etnološke sličnosti i razlike Srba sa drugim narodima

Eth. SERBI or SIRBI (Eth.Σέρβοι or Eth. Σίρβοι, Ptol. 5.9.21), a people in Asiatic Sarmatia, according to Ptolemy (l.c.) between the Ceraunian mountains and the river Rha, above the Diduri and below the Vali. Pliny, however (6.7. s. 7), places them on the E. shore of the Maeotis, between the Vali and the Arrechi. (Comp. Schaffarik, Slav. Alterth. i. p. 165.)

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Circassia (Adyghe: Адыгэ Хэку,[1] Russian: Черке́сия, Georgian: ჩერქეზეთი, Arabic: شيركاسيا‎[2]) is a region and historical country in the North Caucasus and along the northeast shore of the Black Sea. It is the ancestral homeland of the Circassian people.

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The Siraces (Greek: Sirakoi, Latin: Siraci, also Siraceni and Seraci[1]) were a hellenized Sarmatian tribe that inhabited Sarmatia Asiatica; the coast of Achardeus at the Black Sea south of the Caucasus mountains, Siracena[1] is mentioned by Tacitus as one of their settlements. They were said to be relatively small nation but with great moral.[2] They were neighbours to the later enemy tribe of Aorsi.
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They and the Aorsi were merchants who traded with goods of Babylonia and India through the Armenians and Medes, with camels. They profited greatly from this, seen in their clothing attributed with much gold.[2]

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Of the portions thus divided, the first is inhabited, in the region toward the north and the ocean, by Scythian nomads and wagon-dwellers, and south of these, by Sarmatians, these too being Scythians, and by Aorsi and Siraci,1 who extend towards the south as far as the Caucasian Mountains, some being nomads and others tent-dwellers and farmers.

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The Mermodas,4 descending like a torrent from the mountains through the country of the Amazons, the Siracene, and the intervening desert, discharges itself into the Mæotis.5
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Immediately afterwards follow shepherd tribes, situated between the Mæotis and the Caspian Sea, Nabiani, Pangani,8 the tribes also of the Siraces and Aorsi.

The Aorsi and Siraces seem to be a fugitive people from parts situated above. The Aorsi lie more to the north.9

Abeacus, king of the Siraces, when Pharnases occupied the Bosporus, equipped 20,000 horse, and Spadines, king of the Aorsi 200,000, and the Upper Aorsi even a larger body, for they were masters of a greater extent of territory, and nearly the largest part of the coast of the Caspian Sea was under their power. They were thus enabled to transport on camels the merchandise of India and Babylonia, receiving it from Armenians and Medes. They wore gold also in their dress in consequence of their wealth.

The Aorsi live on the banks of the Tanaïs, and the Siraces on those of Achardeus, which rises in Caucasus, and dis- charges itself into the Mæotis.

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n their own language the Circassians refer to themselves as Adyghe (also transliterated as Adyga, Adyge, Adygei, Adyghe, Attéghéi). ...
A common name for the Adyghe is Circassians (ser-kass-ee-uhnz), a name which is occasionally applied to Adyghe and Abaza from the North Caucasus.[18] The name Circassian represents a Latinisation of Cherkess, the Turkic name for the Adyghe, and originated in the 15th century with medieval Genoese merchants and travellers to Circassia.[18][19] But the earliest known form of the name "Cherkess" dates from the time of the Mongols who invaded the North Caucasus in medieval times, and who called the Adyghe "Serkesut" - that term appears in Mongol texts from the 12th century.

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Постојала је област коју су странци oзначавали као Хирканија, одмах изнад Партије, тик до Каспијског језера...

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It was at Saru that the ashes of the youthful hero, Sohraub, were deposited by his father, Roostum, after he had unwittingly slayed Sohrab in a hand to hand battle. Saru is celebrated for its abundance of gardens, which emit a pleasing fragrance in the vernal and summer months.

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Rostam lived in Khurasaan Iran (also known as Persia), hero and one of the favorites of King Kaykavous. Once, following the traces of his lost horse, he enters the kingdom of Samangan where he becomes the guest of the king during the search for his horse. There Rostam meets princess Tahmina. She admires Rostam and knows of his reputation. She goes into his room at night and asks if he will bear her a child and in return, she will bring his horse. Rostam leaves after he seals the deal with Tahmina and his horse is returned. Before he leaves, he gives her two tokens. If she has a girl, she is to take the jewel and plait it in her hair. If she has a boy, she is to take the seal and bind it on his arm. Nine months later, she bears his child--a son, whom she later names Sohrab. Years go by before Rostam and Sohrab meet again. Finally a new war between Persia and Turan is on the horizon. The two armies face each other and prepare for the imminent battle. By then Sohrab has become known as the best fighter of Turan army. But Rostam's legend precedes him and the Turan army cowers before the hero.
No one else dares to fight Rostam, so Sohrab is sent to wrestle with the legendary Khurasaan hero. Though Sohrab knows his father's name, he is unaware that the man before him is Rostam. On the battlefield, Rostam and Sohrab fight for what seems like an eternity, neither knowing the true name of his opponent.
After a very long and heavy bout of wrestling, Rostam feels weak and, fearing for his reputation, he stabs his son in the heart. It is then that he notices the necklace that he once gave Tahmina who gave it to her son to keep him safe during the war. Tahmina, who comes to the field to save them from bloodshed, arrives too late and finds Sohrab lying dead in his mourning father's arms.[1]

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Fereydūn (Persian: فریدون‎, Classic Persian: Firēdūn, Middle Persian: Frēdōn, Avestan: Θraētaona), also pronounced Farīdūn (in Tajik) and Afrīdūn (افریدون) is the name of an Iranian mythical king and hero who is an emblem of victory, justice and generosity in the Persian literature.
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All of the forms of the name shown above derive, by regular sound laws, from Proto-Iranian *Θraitaunah and Proto-Indo-Iranian *Traitaunas.
*Traitaunas is a derivative (with augmentative suffix -una/-auna) of *Tritas, the name of a deity or hero reflected in the Vedic Trita and the Avestan Θrita. Both names are identical to the adjective meaning "the third", a term used of a minor deity associated with two other deities to form a triad. In the Indian Vedas, Trita is associated with gods of thunder and wind.

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According to Ferdowsi’s Shāhnāmeh, Fereydun was the son of Ābtīn, one of descendants of Jamshid. Fereydun, together with Kaveh, revolted against the tyrannical king “Zahhāk”, defeated and arrested him in the Alborz Mountains. Afterwards Fereydun became the king and, according to the myth, ruled the country for about 500 years. At the end of his life he allocated his kingdom to his three sons; Salm, Tur, and Īraj. Iraj was Fereydun’s youngest and favored son and inherited the best part of the kingdom, namely Iran. Salm inherited Asia Minor ("Rūm", more generally meaning the Roman Empire, the Greco-Roman world, or just "the West") and Tur inherited Central Asia ("Tūrān", all the lands north and east of the Oxus, as far as China), respectively.

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Zahāk[1][2] or Zahhāk, (pronounced [zæhɒːk][3]) (in Persian: ضحاک‎/ذهاک) is an evil figure in Iranian mythology and it is different from Zahhāk , evident in ancient Iranian folklore as Aži Dahāka, the name by which he also appears in the texts of the Avesta
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Aži (nominative ažiš) is the Avestan word for "serpent" or "dragon."[5] It is cognate to the Vedic Sanskrit word ahi, "snake," and without a sinister implication. Azi and Ahi are distantly related to Greek ophis, Latin anguis, Russian and Old Church Slavonic уж (grass-snake), all meaning "snake".
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The Avestan term Aži Dahāka and the Middle Persian azdahāg are the source of the Middle Persian Manichaean demon of greed Az,[6] Old Armenian mythological figure Aždahak, modern Persian Ejdehâ and Tajik Persian azhdahâ and Urdu Azhdahā (اژدها) as well as the Kurdish Hazhdiha (هه*ژدیها) which usually mean "dragon".

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Teshub (also written Teshup or Tešup; cuneiform dIM) was the Hurrian god of sky and storm. He was derived from the Hattian Taru. His Hittite and Luwian name was Tarhun (with variant stem forms Tarhunt, Tarhuwant, Tarhunta), although this name is from the Hittite root *tarh- "to defeat, conquer".[1][2]
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According to Hittite myths, one of Teshub's greatest acts was the slaying of the dragon Illuyanka.
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His son was called Sarruma, the mountain god.

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Tūrān (Persian توران) is the Persian name[1] for a region around Central Asia, literally meaning "the land of the Tur". As described below, the original Turanians are an Iranian[2][3][4] tribe of the Avestan age.
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The Turanians or Tuiryas as they were called in Avesta play a more important role in the Avesta than the Sairimas, Sainus and Dahis. Zoroaster himself hailed from the Airya people but he also preached his message to other neighboring tribes.[12][13]
According Mary Boyce, in the Farvardin Yasht, "In it (verses 143-144) are praised the fravashis of righteous men and women not only among the Aryas (as the "Avestan" people called themselves), but also among the Turiyas, Sairimas, Sainus and Dahis; and the personal names, like those of the people, all seem Iranian character".[14]
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Hostility between Tuirya and Airya is indicated also in the Farvardtn Yast (vv. 37-8), where the Fravashis of the Just are said to have provided support in battle against the Danus, who appear to be a clan of the Tura people.[15] Thus in the Avesta, some of the Tuiryas believed in the message of Zoroaster while others rejected the religion.
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The continuation of nomadic invasions on the north-eastern borders in historical times kept the memory of the Turanians alive.[17] After the 6th century the Turks, who had been pushed westward by other tribes, became neighbours of Iran and were identified with the Turanians.[17][24] The identification of the Turanians with the Turks was a late development, possibly made in the early 7th century; the Turks first came into contact with the Iranians only in the 6th century.[25]
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Turaj, whom ancient Iranian myths depict as the ancestor of the Turanians, is also a popular name and means Son of Darkness. The name Turan according to Iranian myths derives from the homeland of Turaj. The Pahlavi pronunciation of Turaj is Tuzh, according to the Dehkhoda dictionary. Similarly, Iraj, which is also a popular name, is the brother of Turaj in the Shahnameh. An altered version of Turaj is Zaraj, which means son of gold.

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The Greek name Sarmatai sometimes appears as "Sauromatai", which is almost certainly no more than a variant of the same name. Nevertheless, historians often regard these as two separate peoples, while archaeologists habitually use the term 'Sauromatian' to identify the earliest phase of Sarmatian culture. Any idea that the name derives from the word lizard (sauros), linking to the Sarmatians' use of reptile-like scale armour and dragon standards, is almost certainly unfounded.[5]

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Ancient DNA of 13 Sarmatian remains from Pokrovka kurgan burials in the southern Ural steppes along the Kazakhstan and Russian border was extracted for comparative analysis. Most of the mitochondrial haplogroups determined were of western Eurasian origin, while only a few were of "central/east Asian Haplotype which is found among the Turkic speaking nomadic people. This Haplotype is almost (one base pair missing) identical with the Haplotype of the (Kazakh) women from western Mongolia.

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Hercynian has a Proto-Celtic derivation, from perkuniā, later erkunia. Julius Pokorny[3] lists Hercynian as being derived from *perkʷu- "oak" (compare quercus). He further identifies the name as Celtic.

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Srebrena:

Primaju ili daju kuturne uticaje, pitanje sad?

Vezano za Vučiju zemlju/Hirkaniju/Varkanu odn.današnji Mazandaran u Iranu i uopšte za istovetnsoti sa starom Persijom, u ponjavarstvu pirotskoe oblasti potoji mnogo ustaljenih šara koje se ne menjaju vekovima. Jedna od njih je tzv PERSIJSKA KRUNA, tipična pirotska šara:
:.., persijska kruna (Persische Krone)..[/I]. (koja vrsta metafore je preneta simbolom persijske krune medju Srbima??))

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The Sekirtme (jumping pattern): a line of alternating colors, usually red/white. This is a yin-yang line symbolizing life’s rhythm and balance: good/evil; joy/sorrow; light/dark. The meaning is a philosophical message to not get too attached to either because one will always give way to the other and vice versa.

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Fu, Lu, and Shou (simplified Chinese: 福禄寿; traditional Chinese: 福祿壽; pinyin: Fú Lù Shòu) is the concept of Happiness (Fu), Prosperity (Lu), and Longevity (Shou). This concept of the Chinese traditional religion is thought to date back to the Ming Dynasty,[1] when the Fu Star, Lu Star and Shou Star were considered to be personified deities of these attributes respectively.

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One of the most important goddesses of reconstructed Proto-Indo-European religion is the personification of dawn as a beautiful young woman. Her name is reconstructed as Hausōs (PIE *h₂ewsṓs- or *h₂ausōs-, an s-stem), besides numerous epithets.
Derivatives of *h₂ewsṓs in the historical mythologies of Indo-European peoples include Indian Uṣas, Greek Ἠώς (Ēōs), Latin Aurōra, and Baltic Aušra ("dawn", c.f. Lithuanian Aušrinė). Germanic *Austrōn- is from an extended stem *h₂ews-tro-.[1]
The name *h₂ewsṓs is derived from a root *h₂wes / *au̯es "to shine",[2] thus translating to "the shining one". Both the English word east and the Latin auster "south" are from a root cognate adjective *aws-t(e)ro-. Also cognate is aurum "gold", from *awso-.
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Besides the name most amenable to reconstruction, *h₂ewsṓs, a number of epithets of the dawn goddess may be reconstructed with some certainty. Among these is *wenos- (also an s-stem), whence Sanskrit vanas "loveliness; desire", used of Uṣas in the Rigveda, and the Latin name Venus and the Norse Vanir. The name indicates that the goddess was imagined as a beautiful nubile woman, who also had aspects of a love goddess.[citation needed]

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The abduction and imprisonment of the dawn goddess, and her liberation by a heroic god slaying the dragon who imprisons her, is a central myth of Indo-European religion, reflected in numerous traditions. Most notably, it is the central myth of the Rigveda, a collection of hymns surrounding the Soma rituals dedicated to Indra in the new year celebrations of the early Indo-Aryans.[6]

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The abduction and imprisonment of the dawn goddess, and her liberation by a heroic god slaying the dragon who imprisons her, is a central myth of Indo-European religion, reflected in numerous traditions. Most notably, it is the central myth of the Rigveda, a collection of hymns surrounding the Soma rituals dedicated to Indra in the new year celebrations of the early Indo-Aryans.[6]

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In Babylonian mythology, Sarpanit (alternately Sarpanitu, Zarpanit, Zarpandit, Zerpanitum, Zerbanitu, or Zirbanit) is a mother goddess and the consort of the chief god, Marduk. Her name means "the shining one", and she is sometimes associated with the planet Venus. By a play on words her name was interpreted as zēr-bānītu, or "creatress of seed", and is thereby associated with the goddess Aruru, who, according to Babylonian myth, created mankind.[1]
Her marriage with Marduk was celebrated annually at New Year in Babylon. She was worshipped via the rising moon, and was often depicted as being pregnant. She is also known as Erua. She may be the same as Gamsu, Ishtar, and/or Beltis.

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There are particularly two gods—Ea and Enlil—whose powers and attributes pass over to Marduk.
In the case of Ea, the transfer proceeded pacifically and without effacing the older god. Marduk took over the identity of Asarluhi, the son of Ea and god of magic, so that Marduk was integrated in the pantheon of Eridu where both Ea and Asarluhi originally came from. Father Ea voluntarily recognized the superiority of the son and hands over to him the control of humanity.
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Marduk was depicted as a human, often with his symbol the snake-dragon which he had taken over from the god Tishpak.

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Ashur (also, Assur, Aššur; written A-šur, also Aš-šùr) is an East Semitic god, and the head of the Assyrian pantheon in Mesopotamian religion, worshipped mainly in the northern half of Mesopotamia, and parts of north east Syria and south east Asia Minor which constituted old Assyria.
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Ashur absorbed Enlil's wife Ninlil (as the Assyrian goddess Mullissu) and his sons Ninurta and Zababa - this process began around the 14th century BC and continued down to the 7th century.[2]
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When Assyria conquered Babylon in the Sargonid period (8th-7th centuries BC), Assyrian scribes began to write the name of Ashur with the cuneiform signs AN.SHAR, literally "whole heaven" in Akkadian, the language of Assyria and Babylonia. The intention seems to have been to put Ashur at the head of the Babylonian pantheon, where Anshar and his counterpart Kishar ("whole earth") preceded even Enlil and Ninlil.[3] Thus in the Sargonid version of the Enuma Elish, the Babylonian national creation myth, Marduk, the chief god of Babylon, does not appear, and instead it is Ashur, as Anshar, who slays Tiamat the chaos-monster and creates the world of humankind.[4]

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Mullissu may be identical with the Mesopotamian goddess Ninlil, wife of the god Enlil, which would parallel the fact that Ashur himself was modeled on Enlil. Mullissu's name was written "dNIN.LÍL".[1] Nonetheless, Mullissu, who was identified with Ishtar of Nineveh in Neo-Assyrian Empire times, is usually identified with Ishtar.
Also proposed to be Mullissu is a goddess whom Herodotus called Mylitta and identified with Aphrodite.

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The epic names two primeval gods: Apsû (or Abzu) who represents fresh water and Tiamat representing oceanic waters. Several other gods are created (Ea and his brothers) who reside in Tiamat's vast body. They make so much noise that the babel or noise annoys Tiamat and Apsû greatly. Apsû wishes to kill the young gods, but Tiamat disagrees. The vizier, Mummu, agrees with Apsû's plan to destroy them. Tiamat, in order to stop this from occurring, warns Ea (Nudimmud), the most powerful of the gods. Ea uses magic to put Apsû into a coma, then kills him, and shuts Mummu out. Ea then becomes the chief god. With his consort Damkina, he has a son, Marduk, greater still than himself. Marduk is given wind to play with and he uses the wind to make dust storms and tornadoes. This disrupts Tiamat's great body and causes the gods still residing inside her to be unable to sleep.
They persuade Tiamat to take revenge for the death of her husband, Apsû. Her power grows, and some of the gods join her. She creates 11 monsters (Bašmu, Ušumgallu, Mušmaḫḫū, Ugallu, Umū dabrūtu, Kulullû, Kusarikku, Scorpion man, ?, ?, ?) to help her win the battle and elevates Kingu, her new husband, to "supreme dominion." A lengthy description of the other gods' inability to deal with the threat follows. Marduk offers to save the gods if he is appointed as their leader and allowed to remain so even after the threat passes. When the gods agree to Marduk's conditions he is selected as their champion against Tiamat, and becomes very powerful. Marduk challenges Tiamat to combat and destroys her. He then rips her corpse into two halves with which he fashions the earth and the skies. Marduk then creates the calendar, organizes the planets and stars, and regulates the moon, the sun, and weather.[4]
The gods who have pledged their allegiance to Tiamat are initially forced into labor in the service of the gods who sided with Marduk. But they are freed from these labors when Marduk then destroys Tiamat's husband, Kingu, and uses his blood to create humankind to do the work for the gods.[4] Most noteworthy is Marduk's symbolic elevation over Enlil, who was seen by earlier Mesopotamian civilizations as the king of the gods.

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According to one traditional story, Marduk mixed Kingu's blood with earth and used the clay to mold the first human beings. Kingu then went to live in the underworld kingdom of Ereshkigal, along with the other deities who had sided with Tiamat. Enûma Elish.[1]

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truthSeeker:

...Besides the name most amenable to reconstruction, *h₂ewsṓs, a number of epithets of the dawn goddess may be reconstructed with some certainty. Among these is *wenos- (also an s-stem), whence Sanskrit vanas "loveliness; desire", used of Uṣas in the Rigveda, and the Latin name Venus and the Norse Vanir.
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hausos

ako je boginja Zore takođe *wenos
Veneti i Serijani su možda dva imena za iste ljude?
ako znamo da su Veneti živeli nekad davno u Paflagoniji, a Serijani od Taurusa tj. od Kapadokije do Tibeta... onda su ovo možda bili isti ljudi...
.

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In Norse mythology, the Vanir (singular Vanr) are a group of gods associated with fertility, wisdom and the ability to see the future. The Vanir are one of two groups of gods (the other being the Æsir) and are the namesake of the location Vanaheimr (Old Norse "Home of the Vanir"). After the Æsir–Vanir War, the Vanir became a subgroup of the Æsir. Subsequently, members of the Vanir are sometimes also referred to as members of the Æsir.

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As the Vanir are often considered fertility gods, the Æsir–Vanir War has been proposed as a reflection of the invasion of local fertility cults somewhere in regions inhabited by the Germanic peoples by a more aggressive, warlike cult.[3] This has been proposed as an analogy of the invasion of the Indo-Europeans.[3] Georges Dumézil stated that the war need not necessarily be understood in matters of historicity more than any other myth because it is set before the emigration from the Middle East and, he states, accounts are more focused on the truce than on details regarding the battles.[7]

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In Old Norse, áss (or ǫ́ss, ás, plural æsir; feminine ásynja, plural ásynjur) is the term denoting a member of the principal pantheon in the indigenous Germanic religion known as Norse paganism. This pantheon includes Odin, Frigg, Thor, Baldr and Týr. The second pantheon comprises the Vanir. In Norse mythology, the two pantheons wage the Æsir-Vanir War, which results in a unified pantheon.
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Æsir is the plural of áss, óss "god" (gen. āsir) which is attested in other Germanic languages, e.g., Old English ōs (gen. pl. ēsa) and Gothic (as reported by Jordanes) anses "half-gods". These all stem from Proto-Germanic *ansis ~ ansuz, which itself comes from Proto-Indo-European *h₂énsus (gen. h₂n̥sóus) "life force" (cf. Avestan aŋhū "lord; lifetime", ahura "godhood", Sanskrit ásu "life force",[3] ásura "god" (< *h₂n̥suró)). It is widely accepted that this word is further related to *h₂ens- "to engender" (cf. Hittite hass- "to procreate, give birth", Tocharian B ās- "to produce").[4]
Old Norse áss has the genitive áss or ásar, the accusative æsi and ásu. In genitival compounds, it takes the form ása-, e.g. in Ása-Þórr "Thor of the Aesir", besides ás- found in ás-brú "gods' bridge" (the rainbow), ás-garðr, ás-kunnigr "gods' kin", ás-liðar "gods' leader", ás-mogin "gods' might" (especially of Thor), ás-móðr "divine wrath" etc. Landâs "national god" (patrium numen) is a title of Thor, as is allmáttki ás "almighty god", while it is Odin who is "the" ás.

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In the Eddas, however, the word Æsir is used for gods in general, while Asynjur is used for the goddesses in general.

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In chapter 4 of Heimskringla, Snorri presents a euhemerized account of the war. Snorri states that Óðinn led a great army from Asia ("Ásaland") to attack the people of "Vanaland." However, according to Snorri, the people of Vanaland were well prepared for the invasion; they defended their land so well that victory was up for grabs from both sides, and both sides produced immense damage and ravaged the lands of one another.[6]
Snorri states that the two sides eventually tired of the war and both agreed to meet to establish a truce. Snorri continues that the two sides did so and exchanged hostages. Vanaland are described as having sent to Asaland their best men: Njörðr—described as wealthy—and his son Freyr in exchange for Asaland's Hœnir—described here as large, handsome, and thought of by the people of Vanaland well suited to be a chieftain. Additionally, Asaland sends Mímir—a man of great understanding—in exchange for Kvasir, who Snorri describes as the wisest man of Vanaland.[6]

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Njörðr was not raised among the Æsir. Vafþrúðnir responds that Njörðr was created in Vanaheimr ("home of the Vanir") by "wise powers" and details that during the Æsir–Vanir War, Njörðr was exchanged as a hostage. In addition, when the world ends (Ragnarök), Njörðr "will return to the wise Vanir."[3]

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She is a patroness of horses, protection, exorcism, and the planet Venus, and Slavs would pray to her each morning as the sun rose.[4] In some tales, she sits under the World Tree on the fiery-stone Alatuir, from which run the four rivers of the Otherworld, and under her seat flows the river of healing.

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Spojler

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The toponym is based on the Gaulish phrase are-mori "on/at [the] sea", made into the Gaulish place name Aremorica (*are-mor-ika ) "Place by the Sea".

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Ahil71:

Sirba la Moldoveni

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Srebrena:

Po tom obrascu- centar i četiri strane sveta- formiran je i (istovetno našem grbu sa ognjilima i persijskoj "kruni") je kip paganskog boga Vida , odnosno Svetovida.Da li je imao prvobitno značenje "odbrahne" sa svih strana sveta. ne mogu da procenim.Radilo o Bogu koji simbolizuje intelektualne i spoznajne vrednosti (viđenje, uvid , opšta i tajna znanja- znanja u svim oblastima vidljivog i nevidljivog sveta)- takoreći sveznanje, pa samim tim i komunikaciju- slova, pismo i slično.
Ne znam za tlo Persije, ima li četvoroglavih predstava ... ali ima na tlu današnje Indije, gde je četvoroglavi Brama simbol četiri knjiga znanja (Ṛig, Sāma, Yajur and Atharva)- Veda:

Svetovid, Svantovit or Sventovit is a deity , primarily venerated on the island of Rügen into the 12th century
http://skriptorijum.blogspot.com/2012/06/saks-gramatik-rujanski-bog-svetovid-i.html

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ali bih mnogo volela da saznam jesu li u staroj Persiji ili makar u carstvu Hetita imali slično četvoroglavo božanstvo.

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Tyre (Arabic: صور, Ṣūr; Phoenician: צור, Ṣur; Hebrew: צוֹר, Tzor; Tiberian Hebrew צר, Ṣōr; Akkadian: Ṣurru; Greek: Τύρος, Týros; Turkish: Sur; Latin: Tyrus), sometimes romanized as Sour, is a city in the South Governorate of Lebanon.
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The commerce of the ancient world was gathered into the warehouses of Tyre. "Tyrian merchants were the first who ventured to navigate the Mediterranean waters; and they founded their colonies on the coasts and neighbouring islands of the Aegean Sea, in Greece, on the northern coast of Africa, at Carthage and other places, in Sicily and Corsica, in Spain at Tartessus, and even beyond the pillars of Hercules at Gadeira (Cádiz)".[15]
The city of Tyre was particularly known for the production of a rare and extraordinarily expensive sort of purple dye, produced from the murex shellfish, known as Tyrian purple. This color was, in many cultures of ancient times, reserved for the use of royalty, or at least nobility.[16]

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Baal, also rendered Baʿal (Biblical Hebrew בַּעַל, pronounced [ˈbaʕal]), is a North-West Semitic title and honorific meaning "master" or "lord"[1] that is used for various gods who were patrons of cities in the Levant and Asia Minor, cognate to Akkadian Bēlu. A Baalist or Baalite means a worshipper of Baal.
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Because more than one god bore the title "Baʿal" and more than one goddess bore the title "Baʿalat" or "Baʿalah," only the context of a text can indicate which Baʿal (Lord) or Baʿalath (Lady) a particular inscription or text is speaking of.
Hadad in Ugarit
In the Bronze Age, Hadad (or Haddad or Adad) was especially likely to be called Baʿal; however, Hadad was far from the only god to have that title.[dubious – discuss]
In the Canaanite pantheon as attested in Ugaritic sources, Hadad was the son of El, who had once been the primary god of the Canaanite pantheon. El and Baʿal are often associated with the bull in Ugaritic texts, as a symbol both of strength and fertility.[4]
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Baʿal of Tyre
Melqart is the son of El in the Phoenician triad of worship.[citation needed] He was the god of Tyre and was often called the Baʿal of Tyre.[citation needed] 1 Kings 16:31 relates that Ahab, king of Israel, married Jezebel, daughter of Ethba’al, king of the Sidonians, and then served habba’al ('the Baʿal'.)
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Some scholars[who?] claim it is uncertain whether "Baʿal" the Lord in Kings 10:26 refers to Melqart. They point out that Hadad was also worshiped in Tyre. This point of view ignores the possibility that Hadad and Melqart are the same god with different names because of different languages and cultures, Hadad being Canaanite and Melqart being Phoenician. In favor of the latter interpretation, both Hadad and Melqart are described as the son of El, both carrying the same secondary position in the pantheons of each culture.
Josephus (Antiquities 8.13.1) states clearly that Jezebel "built a temple to the god of the Tyrians, which they call Belus" which certainly refers to the Baal of Tyre, or Melqart.
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Baʿal of Carthage
The worship of Baʿal Hammon flourished in the Phoenician colony of Carthage. Baʿal Hammon was the supreme god of the Carthaginians, and is believed that this supremacy dates back to the 5th century BC, apparently after a breaking off of relationships between Carthage and Tyre at the time of the Punic defeat in Himera.[9] He is generally identified by modern scholars either with the Northwest Semitic god El or with Dagon,[10] and generally identified by the Greeks, by interpretatio Graeca with Greek Cronus and similarly by the Romans with Saturn.
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Scholars[who?] tend to see Baʿal Hammon as more or less identical with the god El, who was also generally identified with Cronus and Saturn. However, Yigael Yadin thought him to be a moon god. Edward Lipinski identifies him with the god Dagon in his Dictionnaire de la civilisation phenicienne et punique (1992: ISBN 2-503-50033-1). Inscriptions about Punic deities tend to be rather uninformative.
In Carthage and North Africa Baʿal Hammon was especially associated with the ram and was worshiped also as Baʿal Qarnaim ("Lord of Two Horns") in an open-air sanctuary at Jebel Bu Kornein ("the two-horned hill") across the bay from Carthage.
Baʿal Hammon's female cult partner was Tanit.[13] He was probably not ever identified with Baʿal Melqart, although one finds this equation in older scholarship.
Ba`alat Gebal ("Lady of Byblos") appears to have been generally identified with ‘Ashtart, although Sanchuniathon distinguishes the two.

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Srebrena:

Po tom obrascu- centar i četiri strane sveta- formiran je i (istovetno našem grbu sa ognjilima i persijskoj "kruni") je kip paganskog boga Vida , odnosno Svetovida.Da li je imao prvobitno značenje "odbrahne" sa svih strana sveta. ne mogu da procenim.Radilo o Bogu koji simbolizuje intelektualne i spoznajne vrednosti (viđenje, uvid , opšta i tajna znanja- znanja u svim oblastima vidljivog i nevidljivog sveta)- takoreći sveznanje, pa samim tim i komunikaciju- slova, pismo i slično.
Ne znam za tlo Persije, ima li četvoroglavih predstava ... ali ima na tlu današnje Indije, gde je četvoroglavi Brama simbol četiri knjiga znanja (Ṛig, Sāma, Yajur and Atharva)- Veda:

Svetovid, Svantovit or Sventovit is a deity , primarily venerated on the island of Rügen into the 12th century
http://skriptorijum.blogspot.com/2012/06/saks-gramatik-rujanski-bog-svetovid-i.html

[

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Cerberus /ˈsɜrbərəs/,[1] or Kerberos, (Greek form: Κέρβερος, [ˈkerberos])[2] in Greek and Roman mythology, is a bronze multi-headed (usually three-headed) dog, or "hellhound" [1][3][4] with a serpent's tail, a mane of snakes, and a lion's claws.[5] It guards the entrance of Hades to prevent those who entered from ever escaping.

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The fire-god Agni has two heads
Dattatreya: three
The creator-god Brahma: four
The goddess Gayatri: five
The war-god Kartikeya: six

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Murugan or Kartikeya (also called Subramanya, Subramani, Muruga, Karthikeyan, Shanmughan and Shanmukha) is the Hindu god of breaking code. He is Commander of the gods. Son of the lord Shiva and Parvati, his brother is Ganesha, His sister is Radhi Devi[clarification needed] and his wives are Valli and Deivayanai.
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In Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh, He is known as Subrahmanya with a temple at Kukke Subramanya known for Sarpa shanti rites dedicated to Him and another famous temple at Ghati Subramanya also in Karnataka.
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Like most Hindu deities, Subrahmanya is known by many other names, including Senthil, Vēlaṇ, Kumāran (meaning 'prince or child or young one'), Swaminatha (meaning 'smart' or 'clever'), Saravaṇa, Arumugam or Shanmuga (meaning 'one with six faces'), Dhandapani (meaning God with a Club), Guhan or Guruguha (meaning 'cave-dweller'), Subrahmanya, Kartikeya and Skanda (meaning 'that which is spilled or oozed).[3][4] He was also known as Swami Mahasena and the Kadamba Dynasty kings worshiped him by this name.[citation needed]

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truthSeeker:

iako je nama veza očigledna treba proveriti da li možda Rumuni misle da je slučajna...

npr. za Sarba Nunta Lacusteni Valcea

otkud Ashkenazi?

pa njihova genetika je dobrim delom R1a (zaseban klaster a ne slovenski)
oni su verovatno potomci Hazara - naroda koji je prihvatio jevrejski jezik i religiju da bi nesmetano trgovao između Turaka i hrišćana

po meni Hazari su kao i Azeri turkizovani Seres / Serri / Sart ljudi
pri tome Seriani se tipično dele u dva dela: beli sirijci (u Kapadokiji) i Sirijci, ak-Sart (beli Sart) i Sart u centralnoj Aziji, beli Srbi i Srbi u Evropi...

Azeri je mislim turkizovano od Serri
(K)Hazari = Ak-Azeri (ak = belo na turskom)

glavni grad Hazara je bio Sarkel tj. beli grad

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truthSeeker:

pa nisam siguran da se izvorno radi o Persiji, možda pre o bliskom istoku...

svi Srbi su slavili Dagona, a ime nose po Ser...
Sordisci slave boginju Belonu...

ovo nisu persijski nego blisko-istočni bogovi vezani za oblast Sirije...
tu se verovatno radi o ljudima koji su sa prostora Vavilona, Sirije raširili u centralnu Aziju i preko Kavkaza a u međuvremenu su iranizovani i postali tzv. istočni Iranci...


ljudi koji se zovu Turani / Seriani /Sart...
bave se trgovinom...

grad Tir (tačnije Sur /Surru/Tzor) u Siriji


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyre_(Lebanon)

božanski par Marduk i Serpanit /Zerbanitu već smo povezali sa božanstvima Tor /Tarhun/Taranis /Perun /Perkunas /Teshub i Danu /Asura /Ser/Zor(j)a /Aušrine /Ištar /Astarte /Ostara/zvezda Danica

ovo su sve blisko istočni i PIE bogovi...

bliski istok je takođe mesto gde se slavi bog Bal
bal hamon se identifikuje i sa Dagonom (seti se da sva srpska slaviše Dagona a da svi Srbi ime dobijaju po Ser za razliku od Dačana koji su nazvani po Dagonu)
seti se i da Sordisci slave boginju Belonu (žensko/žena od Baal?)
da njima susedno pleme nosi ime Tri-bali što može imati veze sa slavljenjem troglavog Baal-a tj. Triglava

Melqart (Baal-ovo alternativno ime) bi moglo biti isto što i Marduk
Baal-ova partnerka je Tanit što je verovatno isto kao (zvezda) Danica
ona je i Ba`alat Gebal ("Lady of Byblos") koja se identifikuje sa Astarte...
Baal je "moon god" i "bull god"
Serpanit je boginja čiji je znak polumesec (što je inače simbol rasprostranjen upravo na kulturnom području Seriana /Seres / Sart /Turana)


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baal


sada je jasno zašto među grčko-rimskim bogovima vetra jugoistočni vetar nosi naziv Phoenicos dok se svi ostali bogovi vetra Venti mogu po lokaciji i imenu direktno mapirati na sarmato-venetska plemena Ilirije, Dakije, Panonije plus na plemena Aorsi (vetar Eurus) i Boreas/Burri /Prusi / Belorusi (vetar Boreas)

http://forum.krstarica.com/showthread.php/420890-%D0%93%D0%95%D0%9D%D0%95%D0%A2%D0%98%D0%A7%D0%9A%D0%90-%D0%93%D0%95%D0%9D%D0%95%D0%90%D0%9B%D0%9E%D0%93%D0%98%D0%88%D0%90?p=27356834&viewfull=1#post27356834

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Saqaliba (Arabic: صقالبة, sg. Siqlabi) refers to the Eastern Europeans, often Slavic slaves, kidnapped from the coasts of Europe or in wars,[1] as well as mercenaries in the medieval Arab world, in the Middle East, North Africa, Sicily and Al-Andalus. It is generally thought that the Arabic term is a Byzantine loanword: saqlab, siklab, saqlabi etc. is a corruption of Greek Sklavinoi meaning Slavs. The word is often misused to refer only to slavs from Central and Eastern Europe,[2] but in fact it refers to all Eastern Europeans and others kidnapped by the Arab traders during the war or peace periods.[3]
Ibn Fadlan referred to the ruler of the Volga Bulgaria, Almış, as "King of the Saqaliba". This may have been either because many Slavs, both slaves and ordinary settlers, lived in his domain at that time; or a lack of ethnographical knowledge.
The Persian chronicler Ibn al-Faqih wrote that there were two types of saqaliba: those with swarthy skin and dark hair that live by the sea and those with fair skin and light hair that live farther inland. Abu Zayd al-Balkhi described three main centers of the Saqaliba - Kuyaba, Slavia, and Artania.
Ibrahim ibn Yaqub placed the people of "Saqalib" in the mountainous regions of Central Balkans, west of the Bulgarians and east from the "other Slavs," thus somewhere around modern day Bosnia, Montenegro , Serbia and Macedonia. The Saqalib had the reputation of being "the most courageous and violent".[4]
There were several major routes of the trade of Slav slaves into the Muslim world: through Central Asia (Mongols, Tatars, Khazars, etc.); through the Mediterranean (Byzantium); through Central and Western Europe to Al-Andalus. The Volga trade route and other European routes, according to Ibrahim ibn Jakub, were serviced by Radanite Jewish merchants. Theophanes mentions that the Umayyad caliph Muawiyah I settled a whole army of 5,000 Slavic mercenaries in Syria in the 660s.
In the Muslim world, Saqaliba served or were forced to serve in a multitude of ways: servants, harem girls, eunuchs, craftsmen, soldiers, and as Caliph's guards. In Iberia, Morocco, Damascus and Sicily, their role may be compared with that of mamluks in the Ottoman Empire. In Spain, Slavic eunuchs were so popular and widely spread that they became synonymous with Saqāliba.[5] Some Saqāliba became rulers of taifas (principalities) in Iberia after the collapse of the Caliphate of Cordoba. For example, Muyahid ibn Yusuf ibn Ali organized the Saqaliba in Dénia to free themselves, seize control of the city and established the Taifa of Dénia which extended its reach as far as the island of Majorca.

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According to Roman sources, Phoenician colonists from modern-day Lebanon, led by Queen Dido (Elissa), founded Carthage.[17] Queen Elissa (also known as "Alissar") was an exiled princess of the ancient Phoenician city of Tyre. At its peak, the metropolis she founded, Carthage, came to be called the "shining city," ruling 300 other cities around the western Mediterranean and leading the Phoenician (or Punic) world.

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According to Polybius, Carthage relied heavily, though not exclusively, on foreign mercenaries,[20] especially in overseas warfare. The core of its army was from its own territory in north Africa (ethnic Libyans and Numidians (modern northern Algeria), as well as "Liby-Phoenicians"—i.e., Phoenicians proper). These troops were supported by mercenaries from different ethnic groups and geographic locations across the Mediterranean who fought in their own national units; Celtic, Balearic, and Iberian troops were especially common. Later, after the Barcid conquest of Iberia (modern Spain and Portugal), Iberians came to form an even greater part of the Carthaginian forces.
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The navy of Carthage was one of the largest in the Mediterranean, using serial production to maintain high numbers at moderate cost. The sailors and marines of the Carthaginian navy were predominantly recruited from the Phoenician citizenry, unlike the multi-ethnic allied and mercenary troops of the Carthaginian armies. The navy offered a stable profession and financial security for its sailors. This helped to contribute to the city's political stability, since the unemployed, debt ridden poor in other cities were frequently inclined to support revolutionary leaders in the hope of improving their own lot.[21] The reputation of her skilled sailors implies that there was in peacetime a training of oarsmen and coxswains, giving their navy a cutting edge in naval matters.
The trade of Carthaginian merchantmen was by land across the Sahara and especially by sea throughout the Mediterranean and far into the Atlantic to the tin-rich Cassiterides.,[22] and also to North West Africa.

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truthSeeker:

a Serberos?
čuvar ulaska u Had

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerberus

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She is a patroness of horses, protection, exorcism, and the planet Venus, and Slavs would pray to her each morning as the sun rose.[4] In some tales, she sits under the World Tree on the fiery-stone Alatuir, from which run the four rivers of the Otherworld, and under her seat flows the river of healing.

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Spojler

Spojler

Spojler

The Styx (/stɪks/; Ancient Greek: Στύξ [stýkʰs], "Hate, Detest") is a river in Greek mythology that formed the boundary between Earth and the Underworld (often called Hades which is also the name of this domain's ruler). The rivers Styx, Phlegethon, Acheron, and Cocytus all converge at the center of the underworld on a great marsh, which is also sometimes called the Styx.

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Asia

Vasyugan Swamp in western Siberia
Asmat Swamp, Indonesia
Candaba Swamp in Apalit and Candaba, Pampanga and Pulilan, Bulacan, Philippines
Mangrove Swamp in Karachi, Pakistan
Myristica Swamps in Western Ghats, India
Sundarbans in India and Bangladesh

Europe
Pripyat Swamps, Belarus
Vasyugan Swamp, Russia
Valmayor reservoir, Spain

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The Vasyugan Swamp (Russian: Васюганские болота) is the largest swamp in the northern hemisphere. It is located in Russia, in southwestern Siberia.
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It occupies 53,000 km²,[1] which is about 2% of the whole area of peat bogs of the world. The swamp is located in the Novosibirsk, Omsk, and Tomsk regions of Russia along the west bank of the Ob River, and stretches between latitudes 55°35' and 58°40' North, and longitudes 74°30' and 83°30' East.

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From its origins as the Kara-Irtysh (Black Irtysh) in the Mongolian Altay mountains in Xinjiang, China, the Irtysh flows northwest through Lake Zaysan in Kazakhstan, meeting the Ishim and Tobol rivers before merging with the Ob near Khanty-Mansiysk in western Siberia, Russia after 4,248 kilometres (2,640 mi).
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The name Black Irtysh (Kara-Irtysh in Kazakh, or Cherny Irtysh in Russian) is applied by some authors, especially in Russia and Kazakhstan, to the upper course of the river, from its source entering Lake Zaysan. The term White Irtysh, in opposition to the Black Irtysh, was occasionally used in the past to refer to the Irtysh below lake Zaysan;[1] now this usage is largely obsolete.

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Der Irtysch (russisch Иртыш, kasachisch Ертіс (Ertis), in China offiziell Ertix, chinesisch É’ěrqísī Hé 额尔齐斯河) ist ein 4248 Kilometer langer linker Nebenfluss des Ob in China, Kasachstan und Russland (Asien).

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Irtiš (ruski: Ирты́ш, kazaški: Ертіс, kineski: É'ěrqísī hé / 额尔齐斯河) je rijeka u Sibiru i glavni pritok rijeke Ob. Njeno ime znači Bijela rijeka.

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The Syr Darya[pronunciation?] (Persian: سيردريا‎; Tajik: Сирдарё; Kazakh: Сырдария ; Arabic: سيحون‎; Uzbek: Sirdaryo), also transliterated Syrdarya or Sirdaryo, is a river in Central Asia, sometimes known as the Jaxartes or Yaxartes[pronunciation?] from its Ancient Greek name Ἰαξάρτης. The Greek name is derived from Old Persian, Yakhsha Arta ("Great Pearly"), a reference to the color of the river's water. In medieval Arabic writings, the river is uniformly known as Sayhoun (سيحون) - and is considered one of the four rivers whose common source lies in Paradise (the other three being Amu Darya/Jayhoun, the Nile, and the Euphrates).[2]

The river rises in two headstreams in the Tian Shan Mountains in Kyrgyzstan and eastern Uzbekistan—the Naryn River and the Kara Darya which come together in the Uzbek part of the Fergana Valley—and flows for some 2,212 kilometres (1,374 mi) west and north-west through Uzbekistan and southern Kazakhstan to the remains of the Aral Sea. The Syr Darya drains an area of over 800,000 square kilometres (310,000 sq mi), but no more than 200,000 square kilometres (77,000 sq mi) actually contribute significant flow to the river. Its annual flow is a very modest [1] 37 cubic kilometres (30,000,000 acre·ft) per year—half that of its sister river, the Amu Darya.

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Spojler

Spojler

truthSeeker:

Sarba je po svemu sudeći ime za kolo

A Sârba or Sîrba in Romanian) is a Romanian and Csángó dance normally played in 2/2 or 2/4 time. It can be danced in a circle, line, or couple formations and was historically popular not only in Romania, but also Ukraine, Hungary, Polish highlanders (Gorals) and European Jewry. It is fast-paced and triplets are usually emphasized in the melody. It tends to be a happy, lively, sometimes upbeat, dance in which its name has its roots in the Romanian word sarbatoare, which translates as "a feast-day", or used loosely as a Romanian figure of speech, usually in poetry and folk music, could also mean "great joy" or great happiness".
The sîrba is still popular in Romanian traditional music and in Jewish Klezmer music.

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A2rb%C4%83

ja ne verujem u slučajnost u ovom slučaju...
sardaneska, sirtaki, sarba, tarantella (Turani su izvorno naziv za Irance centralne Azije koji su različiti od Persijanaca dakle za istočne Irance - kasnije ovi ljudi su Seres / Seriani /Servi/Sirbi)

poljski gorštaci Gorali koji imaju takođe Sarba muziku su usttvari ljudi sa juga Poljske, severa slovačke i oblasti česke Šlezije...

The Gorale (Polish: Górale; Slovak: Gorali; Cieszyn Silesian: Gorole; literally "highlanders") are a group of indigenous people found along southern Poland, northern Slovakia, and in the region of Cieszyn Silesia in the Czech Republic. There is also a significant Goral diaspora in the area of Bukovina in western Ukraine and in northern Romania, as well as Chicago, the seat of the Polish Highlanders Alliance of North America.

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gorals

ovo je put kojim su se Srbi širili od Vistule do Bohemije....kulturni trag ostao u vidu srpskog kola...

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The evidence of Jornandes makes them Alans ( “Sciri et Satagariiet ceteri Alanorum,” Reb. Get. 49), evidence which is important, since Peria, the notary of the Alan king Candax,was the writer's grandfather.
They are made by Sidonius (Carm. 7.322) part of Attila's army, by Jornandes subjects of Odoacer, by Procopius members of the Goth and Alan alliance. They were, almost certainly, a Scythian tribe of Kherson, who during the period of the Greek settlements harassed Olbia, and, during the Byzantine period, joined with the other barbarians of the Lower Danube againts Rome. Of these, the chief confederates were the Heruli and Turcilingi; with whom they found their way as far west as Bavaria. The present country of Styria (Styermark)==the March of the Stiri or Sciri, the change from Sc to St being justified by the Bavarian Count Von Schiern in one part of a document of the 10th century being made a Comes de Stira in another. Add to this the existence of a Nemus Scirorum in Bavaria. (See Zeuss, s. v. Sciri).

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