Types of creationism
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creationism#Intelligent_design
Intelligent design (ID) is the claim that "certain features of the universe and of living things are best explained by an intelligent cause, not an undirected process such as
natural selection".[SUP]
[139][/SUP] All of its leading proponents are associated with the
Discovery Institute,[SUP]
[140][/SUP] a think tank whose
Wedge strategy aims to replace the
scientific method with "a science consonant with Christian and theistic convictions" which accepts supernatural explanations.[SUP]
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[141][/SUP] It is widely accepted in the scientific and academic communities that intelligent design is a form of creationism,[SUP]
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[143][/SUP] and some have even begun referring to it as "intelligent design creationism".[SUP]
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[146][/SUP]
ID originated as a re-branding of
creation science in an attempt to get round a series of court decisions ruling out the teaching of creationism in U.S. public schools, and the Discovery Institute has run
a series of campaigns to change school curricula.[SUP]
[28][/SUP] In Australia, where curricula are under the control of State governments rather than local school boards, there was a public outcry when the notion of ID being taught in science classes was raised by the Federal Education Minister
Brendan Nelson; the minister quickly conceded that the correct forum for ID, if it were to be taught, is in religious or philosophy classes.[SUP]
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In the United States, teaching of Intelligent Design in public schools has been decisively ruled by a Federal District court to be in violation of the
Establishment Clause of the
First Amendment to the United States Constitution. In
Kitzmiller v. Dover Area School District, the court found that intelligent design is not science and "cannot uncouple itself from its creationist, and thus religious, antecedents.", and hence cannot be taught as an alternative to
evolution in public school science classrooms under the jurisdiction of that court. This sets a
persuasive precedent, based on previous Supreme Court decisions in
Edwards v. Aguillard and
Epperson v. Arkansas, and by the application of the
Lemon test, that creates a legal hurdle to teaching Intelligent Design in public school districts in other Federal court jurisdictions.[SUP]
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