Upotreba (pravilnih) glagola
Have ili have got?
Možemo koristiti i jedno i drugo kada govorimo o posedovanju nečega ili da opišemo lične karakteristike:
She has got a bad temper = She has a bad temper.
We have a new car = We have got a new car.
Koristimo have, ne have got, kada govorimo o radnjama u izrazima poput: have lunch, have a bath, have difficulty, have fun, have an accident, have a holiday itd.
Have got obično ne koristimo u prošlosti ili budućnosti:
I usually have fun when I see Mark.
I had a pet rabbit when I was young.
Must ili have to?
Koristimo have to/must + infinitiv da kažemo da je nešto neophodno uraditi:
I must go to the hairdresser.
I have to go to school.
Mustse koristi samo u sadašnjosti. Have to koristimo za sva ostala vremena:
The last train was at midnight, so he had to leave early.
Have to često koristimo za pravila ili stvari za koje ostali ljudi misle da su neophodni:
I have to lose weight. ( the doctor told me to)
Must koristimo kada osećaj obaveze dolazi od govornika:
I must go to the doctor. ( I do not feel well)
Must not se koristi da se kaže da nešto nije dozvoljeno:
You must not smoke in here. ( it is not allowed)
Do not have se koristi da se izrazi nešto što nije neophodno uraditi:
I am on holiday. I do not have to work for two weeks.
Can, could, could not ili be able to?
Kada želimo da kažemo da neko ima sposobnost ili mogućnost da uradi nešto, obično koristimo can (za sadašnjost) ili could (za prošlost):
I could run 10 miles a day when I was young.
Be able to možemo da koristimo za sva vremena:
I will be able to run 10 miles a day if I practise enough.
Kada želimo da kažemo nešto o određenoj situaciji u prošlosti koristimo was/were able to. Ne koristimo could ( ali could not možemo):
Even though the restaurant was crowded we were able to find a table.
Can ili could možemo da koristimo da pitamo za dozvolu da uradimo nešto, ali u tom kontekstu ne možemo upotrebljavati be able to:
Can I ask you a quick question?
Say ili tell?
Tell uvek prati direktni objekat. Mi govorimo nekome nešto:
I am a film star.
She told me she was a film star.
Say nema direktni objekat :
She said she was a film star.
Ako koristimo objekat sa say moramo da koristimo i to:
She said to me that she was a film star.
Postoji i par izraza kada možemo koristiti tell bez objekta:
Tell a lie, tell the truth, tell a joke, tell a story, tell the time.
Make ili do?
Kao generalno pravilo, ako pričamo o poslu ili radu, koristimo do:
I do the shopping, the housework and I do a full-time job!
Ako pričamo o pravljenju ili stvaranju nečega, koristimo make:
I made that!
Uobičajeni izrazi sa make i do:
Make an appointment, the bed, a decision, an effort, an excuse, friends, fun of someone, a fuss, a mess, money, a noise, a phone call, a photocopy, a plan, progress, a promise, a suggestion,a trip.
Do your best, business, a course, exercise, someone a favour, homework, the shopping, sport, work.
Like ili as?
Like koristimo kada:
– Pitamo za opis ili informaciju o nečemu ili nekome: What is she like? She is very kind and patient.
– Želimo da kažemo da je nešto isto ili slično: She looks like Marilyn Monroe.
– Želimo da damo neki primer: Some names, like Alex or Pat, can be used for boys and girls.
As koristimo kada:
– Želimo da napravimo poređenje: He is not as tall as his brother.
– Želimo da opišemo nečiji posao ili ulogu: She is working as a web desinger at the moment.
Uporedimo:
I work as a teacher. ( I am a teacher)
Like a teacher, I work with all sorts of people. ( my job is similar to a teacher’s job)
Good ili well?
Good je pridev i ide pre glagola. Well je prilog i ide posle glagola:
He is a good artist.
He paints well.
Ponekad možemo koristiti well kao pridev u značenju u „in good health“:
I am not very well.
Well koristimo i sa past participom u nekim izrazima:
She is very well known.
Hope ili wish?
Koristimo ih kada želimo da iskažemo kako bi mi voleli da se stvari dešavaju.
Hope koristimo za nešto što mislimo da je moguće: I hope we can see you soon. (we might see you)
Wish + prošlo vreme koristimo za nešto što je malo verovatno ili nemoguće: I wish we could come to London again. ( we cannot come).
Wish + past perfect koristimo kada izražavamo kajanje za nečim što se desilo u prošlosti: I wish I had seen the job advert. ( I did not see the job advert)
Wish + would koristimo da kažemo da nam se ne sviđa nečije trenutno ponašanje, i da bismo voleli da se ta osoba ponaša drugačije: I wish you would let me know what you are thinking! (you do not let me know).
Laguna je imala neku ediciju dvojezicnih knjiga ,ali sada ih vise nemaju.Postoje knjige za decu ,ali to mi neodgovara.Bicu zahvalana svakome ko moze da mi pomogne da ih pronadjem.E-books dolaze u obzir naravno.Hvala unapred
